{
  "id": "mossy-cave-waterfall",
  "name": "Mossy Cave drainage",
  "center": [
    -112.11435,
    37.6646
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  "width_m": 640,
  "priority": 1,
  "source_ids": [
    "nps-mossy",
    "nps-mossy-wayside",
    "nps-pois"
  ],
  "question": "Where does a water-cut channel meet the hoodoo landscape?",
  "theme": "A channel through Water Canyon",
  "view_yaw": 0.85,
  "view_pitch": 0.8,
  "locator": {
    "source_id": "nps-pois",
    "object_id": 1994,
    "longitude": -112.11432971963777,
    "latitude": 37.6653382694994,
    "role": "mapped waterfall, not trailhead",
    "accuracy": "Scaled from imagery and existing trail data; not a surveyed drop location"
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    {
      "id": "mossy-cave-unknown",
      "center": [
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      "radii_m": [
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        30
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      "reason": "Mossy Cave alcove and overhang excluded; airborne topography does not resolve its interior.",
      "local_center": [
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      "nodes_omitted": 2109
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  "surface_method": "classified-ground",
  "schema": 1,
  "kind": "landscape-study",
  "checked_at": "2026-10-02",
  "geometry_status": "Derived from source-classified ground returns; terrain study, not a closed rock scan",
  "coordinate_system": {
    "native_horizontal": "NAD83(2011) / UTM 12N (EPSG:6341)",
    "ept_horizontal": "WGS84 Pseudo-Mercator (EPSG:3857)",
    "export_horizontal": "WGS84 / UTM 12N (EPSG:32612)",
    "vertical": "NAVD88, Geoid12B; source heights retained",
    "units": "metres",
    "axes": "x east, y up from base_m, z south",
    "base_m": 2060,
    "center_utm": [
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    "bounds_utm": [
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    "bounds_wgs84": [
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    "vertical_exaggeration": 1,
    "transform_note": "EPT projection transformed with pyproj; no claim of survey-grade datum alignment. Centimetre export quantization is not source accuracy."
  },
  "statistics": {
    "returns_in_crop": 11125384,
    "density_returns_per_m2": 27.162,
    "ground_returns": 3929988,
    "retained_returns": 3929988,
    "vegetation_candidate_returns": 2669343,
    "excluded_noise_or_other": 5639,
    "directly_observed_node_fraction": 0.9652694656285504,
    "interpolated_node_fraction": 0.03154246890781209,
    "unsupported_node_fraction": 0.0031880654636374343,
    "isolated_high_cells_repaired": 0,
    "maximum_nearest_fill_m": 3.0,
    "cell_m": 1.25,
    "source_heights_m": [
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    "surface_heights_m": [
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    ],
    "intensity_display_percentiles": [
      3248.0,
      11584.0
    ],
    "vertical_surfaces": "An upper envelope can join returns across a steep face; it cannot recover undercuts, windows, or unseen interiors.",
    "surface_method": "classified-ground",
    "editorial_exclusion_node_fraction": 0.008013861815031406,
    "unsupported_or_excluded_node_fraction": 0.01120192727866884
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      "vertices": 16641,
      "triangles": 31986,
      "grid_nodes": 129,
      "spacing_m": 5.0,
      "degenerate_triangles": 0,
      "downward_triangles": 0
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      "vertices": 66049,
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      "sha256": "76f68d0cc810c230b7e33918c4a1764cd20e87168e78da0cf923c47a7180fbb5",
      "id": "detailed",
      "vertices": 263169,
      "triangles": 517114,
      "grid_nodes": 513,
      "spacing_m": 1.25,
      "degenerate_triangles": 0,
      "downward_triangles": 0
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  "returns": {
    "file": "returns.glb.gz",
    "bytes": 1232549,
    "uncompressed_bytes": 2881224,
    "sha256": "034fed5944b046689463fdbb6433c6c9b1da00345578f0b8928e4fa51f60ed92",
    "count": 120000,
    "sampling": "fixed seed 20261002, uniform without replacement from valid crop returns"
  },
  "profiles": "profiles.json.gz",
  "camera": {
    "yaw": 0.85,
    "pitch": 0.8,
    "distance_m": 1447.0429859609499,
    "target": [
      0,
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    "minimum_distance_ratio": 0.85,
    "useful_range_note": "Landscape inspection only; camera is not permitted to approach a ground-walk distance.",
    "reference_viewport": [
      1400,
      1050
    ],
    "vertical_fov_degrees": 38,
    "fit_method": "Runtime projects actual active vertices to fit the viewport with a 14 percent frame margin; distance_m records the poster reference view.",
    "closest_reviewed_distance_ratio": 0.85
  },
  "bounds_local": [
    [
      -320.0,
      18.56005859375,
      -320.0
    ],
    [
      320.0,
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  ],
  "source_dataset": {
    "id": "USGS_LPC_UT_Southern_QL1_2018_LAS_2019",
    "acquired": "2018-04-27 / 2018-07-29 project interval",
    "published": "2019-06-03",
    "url": "https://registry.opendata.aws/usgs-lidar/",
    "license": "US Government Public Domain",
    "credit": "Map services and data available from U.S. Geological Survey, National Geospatial Program."
  },
  "processing": {
    "mesh": "Source class 2 ground only. Highest retained return per nearest grid node; nearest interpolation up to 3 m; isolated spikes exceeding all 8 neighbors by 6 m lowered to neighbor maximum. No morphological closing.",
    "vegetation": "Source classes 3/4/5 plus low-intensity multiple echoes and low-intensity raised returns over nearby gentle classified ground are excluded. This is an imperfect heuristic, not a species/rock classifier.",
    "lighting": "Normals and static 12-direction terrain occlusion are derived; material color, studio lighting and display category colors are illustrative.",
    "detail": "Three nested node grids; no-data cells omitted at every LOD; low LOD can omit extra edge triangles to preserve holes.",
    "exclusions": "Elliptical uncertainty masks remove the entire plan footprint around unresolved arch/alcove geometry; all LODs conservatively preserve these holes. They are not measured opening outlines."
  },
  "limitations": [
    "Hidden rock surfaces, undercuts and windows are not reconstructed.",
    "A vertical face is an interpolated connection between top-surface samples, not a wall scan.",
    "Vegetation filtering can leave crowns or remove dark rock; inspect the return view.",
    "NAIP is overhead imagery from a different year; it cannot supply photographic detail on vertical faces.",
    "The cut boundary is an editorial crop; there is no modeled geology beneath it.",
    "No route, current condition, erosion rate or collapse forecast is inferred."
  ],
  "posters": {
    "large": "poster.webp",
    "small": "poster-small.webp"
  },
  "quality_status": "accepted_local_educational_landscape",
  "source_acquisition": {
    "path": "acquisition.json",
    "points_sha256": "e663fd76c1c8d7d21f5daffd7c38014edfe0e83c065e5513ddccc9bbe77fd0d7",
    "source_object_count": 381
  },
  "editorial": {
    "lede": "A narrow watercourse cuts through the northern hoodoo landscape.",
    "body": "The Mossy Cave trail follows Water Canyon. NPS describes the Tropic Ditch, completed in 1892, as bringing irrigation water through this canyon. The waterfall, the alcove and the trailhead occupy different places; this study keeps them distinct.",
    "lesson": "Compare the north-up aerial image with the ground-class terrain section. The channel’s surrounding slopes may be measured even where water, vegetation and the cliff below a fall are poorly sampled. No moving water or present-day flow is simulated.",
    "limit": "The alcove and overhang are deliberately omitted. Neither its interior nor the waterfall’s vertical face, water depth or current flow is reconstructed. NPS asks visitors to protect the alcove and stay out of it.",
    "caption": "The Water Canyon landscape around Mossy Cave and the waterfall. The alcove footprint is omitted rather than closed by a height surface.",
    "evidence_title": "Separate channel, waterfall and alcove",
    "evidence_note": "The marked waterfall is a mapped location, not a surveyed crest or drop-height measurement. The alcove’s missing surface is a coverage limit.",
    "annotation_title": "Mapped waterfall location",
    "annotation_text": "NPS public point 1994 locates the waterfall. It is mapped from imagery and existing trail data; no surveyed crest, drop height or current flow is asserted."
  },
  "imagery": {
    "publisher": "USDA Farm Service Agency / FPAC",
    "dataset": "National Agriculture Imagery Program (NAIP), Utah 2024",
    "retrieved_at": "2026-10-02T09:34:53.248476+00:00",
    "source_pixels_m": 0.6,
    "export_pixels": 1067,
    "export_pixel_m": 0.5998125585754451,
    "crs": "EPSG:32612",
    "requested_bounds": [
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    "export_extent": {
      "xmin": 401397.5524895664,
      "ymin": 4168866.79815916,
      "xmax": 402037.5524895664,
      "ymax": 4169506.79815916,
      "spatialReference": {
        "wkid": 32612,
        "latestWkid": 32612
      }
    },
    "flight_dates": [
      "2024-07-24"
    ],
    "images": [
      {
        "OBJECTID": 195981,
        "Name": "m_3711224_sw_12_060_20240724",
        "Category": 1,
        "year_ts": 2024,
        "ST": "UT",
        "QQNAME": "3711224SW060",
        "QQDATE": 1721779200000,
        "iDate_ts": 1749744257170
      }
    ],
    "catalog_url": "https://apps.geo.fpac.usda.gov/geo-imagery/rest/services/naip/conus_naip/ImageServer/query?f=json&geometry=%7B%22xmin%22%3A401397.5524895664%2C%22ymin%22%3A4168866.79815916%2C%22xmax%22%3A402037.5524895664%2C%22ymax%22%3A4169506.79815916%2C%22spatialReference%22%3A%7B%22wkid%22%3A32612%7D%7D&geometryType=esriGeometryEnvelope&inSR=32612&spatialRel=esriSpatialRelIntersects&outFields=%2A&returnGeometry=false&where=Category%3D1+AND+year_ts%3D2024",
    "export_url": "https://apps.geo.fpac.usda.gov/geo-imagery/rest/services/naip/conus_naip/ImageServer/exportImage?f=json&bbox=401397.5524895664%2C4168866.79815916%2C402037.5524895664%2C4169506.79815916&bboxSR=32612&imageSR=32612&size=1067%2C1067&format=png&pixelType=U8&interpolation=RSP_BilinearInterpolation&adjustAspectRatio=false&bandIds=0%2C1%2C2&mosaicRule=%7B%22mosaicMethod%22%3A%22esriMosaicLockRaster%22%2C%22lockRasterIds%22%3A%5B195981%5D%2C%22mosaicOperation%22%3A%22MT_FIRST%22%7D",
    "direct_image_url": "https://apps.geo.fpac.usda.gov/geo-imagery/rest/services/naip/conus_naip/ImageServer/exportImage?f=image&bbox=401397.5524895664%2C4168866.79815916%2C402037.5524895664%2C4169506.79815916&bboxSR=32612&imageSR=32612&size=1067%2C1067&format=png&pixelType=U8&interpolation=RSP_BilinearInterpolation&adjustAspectRatio=false&bandIds=0%2C1%2C2&mosaicRule=%7B%22mosaicMethod%22%3A%22esriMosaicLockRaster%22%2C%22lockRasterIds%22%3A%5B195981%5D%2C%22mosaicOperation%22%3A%22MT_FIRST%22%7D",
    "original_sha256": "14a1f378008fedd28550878a44f91be26e09699470d0e4b2d7456d9c3a8e17b6",
    "license": "US Government Public Domain",
    "license_url": "https://catalog.data.gov/dataset/national-agriculture-imagery-program-naip-imagery",
    "processing": "Locked 2024 primary rasters, RGB bands 0/1/2, orthographic drape; bilinear export, WebP encoding. No invented detail.",
    "limitations": "Leaf-on aerial imagery from a different year than the 2018 topography; acquisition shadows, tree crowns and metre-scale registration error remain. Displayed only in the overhead evidence view, never as a wall photograph."
  },
  "sources": [
    {
      "id": "nps-mossy",
      "title": "Mossy Cave / Water Canyon",
      "publisher": "National Park Service",
      "url": "https://www.nps.gov/places/000/mossy-cave.htm",
      "date": "2024-10-10",
      "rights": "Paraphrased government text; no photograph copied",
      "supports": "Water Canyon identity, Tropic Ditch completion in 1892 and irrigation context. Historical description does not establish current flow.",
      "evidence": "nps-mossy.html"
    },
    {
      "id": "nps-mossy-wayside",
      "title": "Mossy Cave wayside",
      "publisher": "National Park Service",
      "url": "https://www.nps.gov/places/mossy-cave-wayside.htm",
      "date": "2024-10-10",
      "rights": "Paraphrased government text; no photograph copied",
      "supports": "Alcove formation by seeping water and protection request to remain outside.",
      "evidence": "nps-mossy-wayside.html"
    },
    {
      "id": "nps-pois",
      "title": "NPS public points of interest",
      "publisher": "NPS National Geospatial Program",
      "url": "https://mapservices.nps.gov/arcgis/rest/services/NationalDatasets/NPS_Public_POIs/FeatureServer/0",
      "date": null,
      "rights": "Unrestricted public government mapping; source methods retained; no claim to original US Government works",
      "supports": "Distinct waterfall, cave, viewpoint and trailhead roles. Waterfall 1994 and cave 5289 agree closely with independently mapped OSM positions. Tower viewpoint 4362 is distinct from the rock locator.",
      "evidence": "nps-public-locators.json"
    }
  ],
  "annotations": [
    {
      "title": "Mapped waterfall location",
      "text": "NPS public point 1994 locates the waterfall. It is mapped from imagery and existing trail data; no surveyed crest, drop height or current flow is asserted.",
      "position": [
        2.762291619204916,
        49.1201171875,
        -81.89056670386344
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      "anchor_surface_elevation_navd88_m": 2104.1201171875,
      "display_lift_m": 5,
      "coordinate_source": {
        "source_id": "nps-pois",
        "object_id": 1994,
        "longitude": -112.11432971963777,
        "latitude": 37.6653382694994,
        "role": "mapped waterfall, not trailhead",
        "accuracy": "Scaled from imagery and existing trail data; not a surveyed drop location"
      },
      "height_method": "Nearest fine-grid sample at published locator; display lift is illustrative; no surveyed feature elevation asserted"
    },
    {
      "title": "Alcove area omitted",
      "text": "NPS cave point 5289 locates this separate feature. Its interior and overhang are omitted; the ellipse is not a measured cave outline.",
      "position": [
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        64.14990234375,
        107.22203054325655
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      "anchor_surface_elevation_navd88_m": 2119.14990234375,
      "display_lift_m": 5,
      "coordinate_source": {
        "source_id": "nps-pois",
        "object_id": 5289,
        "role": "cave locator; stated mapping accuracy >=5 m and <14 m"
      },
      "height_method": "Nearest fine-grid sample at published locator; display lift is illustrative; no surveyed feature elevation asserted"
    }
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  "static_profile": {
    "row": 64,
    "direction": "west to east",
    "north_offset_m": 0,
    "minimum_m": 2087.05,
    "maximum_m": 2194.99,
    "vertical_exaggeration": 1,
    "source": "profiles.json.gz"
  },
  "source_coordinate_check": "source-coordinate-check.json",
  "textures": [
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      "bytes": 355768,
      "sha256": "d6988cd6ec5fc30fd61f48f69de9626dfb5447c9617d71cc4051654683b0d778",
      "role": "separate overhead evidence image, never wall texture"
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      "sha256": "9870c1b200d7b2e03b5fefa65a0b5fd1294dae374df33361999dd470dc8813fc",
      "role": "separate overhead evidence image, never wall texture"
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  "quality_record": "quality.json"
}